The most common type of survey is a Boundary Survey, sometimes referred to as a Lot Survey. Typically these surveys are used by the homeowner to determine where the property lines are located prior to any type of construction whether it be a fence or building. Many homeowners are interested in knowing exactly where the property lines are before they purchase a property while others are concerned about boundary issues many years after the purchase of the property.
Take a look at this article- What is a boundary survey and when do you need one?